Abstract: In order to investigate the cavitation characteristics of the ordinary rudder in the high speed range of the ship， the cavitation test of the rudder model was carried out. By analyzing the cavitation phenomena of ordinary rudder in a series of different working conditions， the variation rule of ordinary rudder cavitation under different speed and rudder angle was studied. Results indicate that the general rudder is most likely to cavitate in the area of 0.2～0.6 times rudder height ， which is consistent with the cavitation erosion area of real rudder. At the speed of 23kn， the initial cavitation angle of the ordinary rudder is zero rudder angle. In addition， the combination of the change rule of ordinary rudder cavitation and the range of rudder angle during direct sailing can be analyzed that when the ship is sailing at 21.5kn， the ordinary rudder will inevitably cavitate. The cavitation conditions under different speed and rudder angle were observed through the cavitation experiment of ordinary rudder model. The relationship between the position of ordinary rudder cavitation， area， speed and rudder angle is obtained， which provides reference for solving the problem of ordinary rudder cavitation and optimum design of ordinary rudder.

Key words: Ordinary rudder；Cavitation erosion of rudder；Water tunnel test；Rudder cavitation

摘要： 为了探索普通舵在舰船中高航速范围内空化的变化规律，针对舰船普通舵空化问题进行了桨后舵模型的水洞空泡试验，通过分析一系列不同工况下普通舵的空化现象，研究了不同航速、舵角下普通舵空化的变化规律。试验结果表明:普通舵在0.2～0.6倍舵展长区域内最容易发生空化，与实船舵空化剥蚀区域基本吻合；在23kn航速工况下，普通舵发生空泡的起始空泡舵角为0°；另外，结合普通舵发生空化的起始舵角规律以及舰船直航时打舵角范围，可以分析出舰船在21.5kn航速航行时，普通舵不可避免会空化发生。通过普通舵模型空泡试验方法观察了不同航速、舵角下的舵空泡状况，得出了普通舵空化位置、面积与舰船航速、舵角的一般规律，为普通舵的优化设计和解决舵的空化问题提供了重要参考。

关键词: 普通舵；舵的空化剥蚀；水洞试验；舵空化