航空发动机离心式喷嘴宏观喷雾特性

doi:10.13675/j.cnki.tjjs.190592

推进技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 362-371.DOI: 10.13675/j.cnki.tjjs.190592

航空发动机离心式喷嘴宏观喷雾特性

刘祺，夏津，黄忠，钱勇，具德浩

上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院动力机械与工程教育部重点实验室，上海 200240

出版日期:2021-02-02 发布日期:2021-08-15
作者简介:刘祺，硕士生，研究领域为发动机燃油喷射与雾化。E-mail: crazyvira@sjtu.edu.cn
基金资助:
上海市科学基金（18ZR1418700）。

Macro Spray Characteristics of Pressure-Swirl Nozzle in Aero-Engine

Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education，School of Mechanical Engineering，Shanghai Jiaotong University，Shanghai 200240，China

Online:2021-02-02 Published:2021-08-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究航空发动机离心式喷嘴的喷雾宏观特性，通过将该喷嘴在高温高压定容弹中进行喷雾过程的实验，并结合阴影法与纹影法进行光学测量。首先以水作为射流工质，观察不同喷射压力下水进入大气环境中的雾化角变化，发现喷嘴结构对雾化角有着重要影响，最大雾化角与喷嘴出口的导流结构夹角相等。其次以正癸烷作为工质，通过不同环境压力和温度下的多组实验测量其它喷雾宏观特性如液膜破碎长度，结果表明在背压大于1.75MPa的工况下，该离心式喷嘴无法形成清晰稳定的锥形喷雾结构，此外还揭示了高背压加强了气动力而高环境温度减小了表面张力和粘性力，两者都起着促进雾化的作用。

关键词: 离心式喷嘴;液膜破碎长度;雾化角;阴影法;纹影法

Abstract: To clarify the macro spray characteristics of pressure-swirl nozzle in aero-engine， a certain type of pressure-swirl nozzle was used to simulate the fuel injection process in a high-temperature and high-pressure constant-volume chamber. Optical diagnostic measurements were conducted through backlight illumination technology and schlieren imaging technology. Firstly， water was injected into atmosphere to investigate the change of spray cone angle at different injection pressures. It was found that the nozzle structure has an important influence on the spray cone angle and the maximum spray cone angle is equal to the angle of the flow-guiding structure at the nozzle outlet. Secondly， n-decane was used as spray substance to investigate other macroscopic spray characteristics such as breakup length of liquid film at different environmental pressures and temperatures. The results showed that the pressure-swirl nozzle could not form a clear and stable conical structure when the ambient pressure was greater than 1.75 MPa. It was also found that increased ambient pressure promotes atomization by increasing aerodynamic forces and increased ambient temperature promotes it by decreasing viscous force and surface tension of spray.

Key words: Pressure-swirl nozzle;Breakup length of liquid film;Spray cone angle;Backlight illumination technology;Schlieren imaging technology

刘祺，夏津，黄忠，钱勇，具德浩. 航空发动机离心式喷嘴宏观喷雾特性[J]. 推进技术, 2021, 42(2): 362-371.

LIU Qi, XIA Jin, HUANG Zhong, QIAN Yong, JU De-hao. Macro Spray Characteristics of Pressure-Swirl Nozzle in Aero-Engine[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2021, 42(2): 362-371.

参考文献

[1] 张群，黄希桥. 航空发动机燃烧学［M］. 北京：国防工业出版社， 2015.
[2] Lin S P， Reitz R D. Drop and Spray Formation from a Liquid Jet［J］. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics， 1998， 30（1）： 85-105.
[3] Du W， Sun Z， Lu G， et al. The Two-Phase High-Speed Stream at the Centerline of a Hollow-Cone Spray Produced by a Pressure-Swirl Nozzle［J］. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research， 2017， 56： 359-367.
[4] Sivakumar D， Vankeswaram S K， Sakthikumar R， et al. An Experimental Study on Jatropha-Derived Alternative Aviation Fuel Sprays from Simplex Swirl Atomizer［J］. Fuel， 2016， 179（9）： 36-44.
[5] Wen S， Lan Y， Zhang J. Analysis and Experiment on Atomization Characteristics of Ultra-Low-Volume Swirl Nozzle for Agricultural Unmanned Aviation Vehicle［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering， 2016， 32（20）： 85-93.
[6] Song H Y， Fan W， Fan Z C， et al. Experimental Study on Transcritical Spray of Liquid Aviation Kerosene［J］. Atomization Spray， 2013， 23（7）： 605-621.
[7] Ghobad A. Liquid Flow in a Simplex Swirl Nozzle［J］. International Journal of Multiphase Flow， 2016， 79（4）： 225-235.
[8] Kim S， Khil T， Kim D， et al. Effect of Geometric Parameters on the Liquid Film Thickness and Air Core Formation in a Swirl Injector［J］. Measurement Science and Technology， 2008， 20（1）： 187-188.
[9] Bayvel L， Orzechowski Z. Liquid Atomization［M］. London： Taylor & Francis， 1993.
[10] Lefebvre H， Vincent G， McDonell. Atomization and Sprays［M］. Boca Raton： CRC Press， 1989.
[11] Nowruzi H， Ghassemi H， Amini E， et al. Prediction of Impinging Spray Penetration and Cone Angle under Different Injection and Ambient Conditions by Means of CFD and ANNs［J］. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering， 2017， 39（10）： 3863–3880.
[12] Levya I A， Chehroudi B， Talley D G. Dark Core Analysis of Coaxial Injectors at Sub-， Near-， and Supercritical Pressures in a Transverse Acoustic Field［C］. Cincinnati：43rd AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference， 2007.
[13] Rodriguez J I， Levya I A， Chehroudi B， et al. Results on Subcritical One-Phase Coaxial Jet Spread Angles and Subcritical to Supercritical Acoustically-Forced Coaxial Jet Dark Core Lengths［C］. Hartford： 44th Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit， 2008.
[14] 黄文宣，陈方，刘洪，等. RP-3航空煤油替代燃料简化—优化反应动力学建模［J］. 上海交通大学学报， 2017， 51（12）： 1409-1414.
[15] Kim D， Martz J， Violi A. A Surrogate for Emulating the Physical and Chemical Properties of Conventional Jet Fuel［J］. Combustion and Flame， 2014， 161（6）： 1489-1498.
[16] 霍伟业，林宇震，张弛，等. 正癸烷作为航空煤油雾化过程代理燃料的研究［J］. 航空动力学报， 2016， 31（1）： 188-195.
[17] 颜应文，戴超，李井华. RP-3航空煤油替代燃料简化机理及其验证［J］. 航空动力学报， 2016， 31（12）： 2878-2887.
[18] Guildenbecher D R， Rachedi R R， Sojka P E. Pressure-Scaling of Pressure-Swirl Atomizer Cone Angles［J］. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power， 2006， 130（6）.
[19] Dodge L G， Biaglow J A. Effect of Elevated Temperature and Pressure on Sprays from Simplex Swirl Atomizers［C］. Houston： The 30th International Gas Turbine Conference， 1985.
[20] Ortman J， Lefebvre A H. Fuel Distributions from Pressure-Swirl Atomizers［J］. Journal of Propulsion and Power， 1985， 1（1）： 11-15.
[21] Kim D， Im J H， Koh H， et al. Effect of Ambient Gas Density on Spray Characteristics of Swirling Liquid Sheets［J］. Journal of Propulsion and Power， 2007， 23（3）： 603-613.
[22] Dombrowski N， Hooper P. The Effect of Ambient Density on Drop Formation in Sprays［J］. Chemical Engineering Science， 1962， 17（4）： 291-305.
[23] 解茂昭，贾明. 内燃机计算燃烧学［M］. 北京：科学出版社， 2016.

航空发动机离心式喷嘴宏观喷雾特性

Macro Spray Characteristics of Pressure-Swirl Nozzle in Aero-Engine

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 0

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价