含超级铝热剂双基推进剂的感度特性

推进技术 ›› 2013, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (1): 129-134.

含超级铝热剂双基推进剂的感度特性

安亭,赵凤起,高红旭,郝海霞,马海霞

西安近代化学研究所燃烧与爆炸技术重点实验室,陕西西安 710065;西安近代化学研究所燃烧与爆炸技术重点实验室,陕西西安 710065;西安近代化学研究所燃烧与爆炸技术重点实验室,陕西西安 710065;西安近代化学研究所燃烧与爆炸技术重点实验室,陕西西安 710065;西北大学化工学院,陕西西安 710069

发布日期:2021-08-15
作者简介:安亭(1986—),男,硕士,助研,研究领域为纳米含能材料性能表征及其制备应用。E-mail:anting715@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(21173163)；火炸药燃烧国防科技重点实验室基金(9140C3501041001)。

Sensitivity Characteristics of Double Base Propellants Containing Super Thermites

Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion Laboratory, Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, China;Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion Laboratory, Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, China;Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion Laboratory, Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, China;Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion Laboratory, Xi’an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710065, China;Department of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China

Published:2021-08-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用超声分散复合法制备了铝热剂Al/PbO、Al/CuO和Al/Bi₂O₃,在评估其与双基推进剂主要组分相容性的基础上,将其应用于双基推进剂中。依据国军标方法考察了含不同铝热剂双基(MIC-DB)推进剂的机械感度,运用静电火花感度测试仪评估了不同MIC-DB推进剂对静电刺激响应的危险性,采用爆发点法测定了几种MIC-DB推进剂的热感度。结果表明,铝热剂对双基推进剂样品撞击感度的影响很小,几个配方的摩擦感度略显稍大,铝热剂种类对摩擦感度的影响很小；含超级铝热剂双基推进剂的静电火花感度均较低；含超级铝热剂双基推进剂的热感度受铝粉粒度差异和铝热剂类别(铝热剂中金属氧化物)不同的影响,含纳米级超级铝热剂双基推进剂对热的抵抗能力均比微米级的大。 

关键词: 物理化学;铝热剂;双基推进剂;机械感度;静电火花感度;热感度

Abstract: Super thermites Al/PbO, Al/CuO and Al/Bi₂O₃ were prepared by ultrasonic dispersion method using nano-Al, micro-Al, nano-PbO, nano-CuO and nano-Bi₂O₃ as the raw materials. On the bases of results of compatibility evaluation between super thermites and some double-base(DB) propellant components, these super thermites were applied in DB propellant. According to the national military standard methods, the mechanical sensitivity of different MIC-DB propellants was reviewed. Electrostatic spark sensitivity tester was employed to evaluate the risk of different MIC-DB propellants v.s. electrostatic response. The thermal sensitivity of several MIC-DB propellants was studied by 5s explosion temperature method. The results show that the effect of impact sensitivity of thermites on DB propellants is smaller, the friction sensitivities of several MIC-DB propellants are slightly larger, and the type of thermites has little effect on the friction sensitivity of MIC-DB propellants. The electrostatic spark sensitivity of all MIC-DB propellants is relatively low. The thermal sensitivity of several MIC-DB propellants is affected by the size of nano-Al and the category of super thermites. In comparison with the MIC-DB propellants with micro thermites, the heat-resistance of nano-MIC-DB propellants is larger.

Key words: Physical chemistry; Thermites; Double-base propellant; Mechanical sensitivity; Electrostatic spark sensitivity; Thermal sensitivity

安亭,赵凤起,高红旭,郝海霞,马海霞. 含超级铝热剂双基推进剂的感度特性[J]. 推进技术, 2013, 34(1): 129-134.

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