航空发动机整机动力学模型建立与振动特性分析

推进技术 ›› 2015, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (5): 768-773.

航空发动机整机动力学模型建立与振动特性分析

张大义,刘烨辉,洪　杰,马艳红

北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院，北京 100191,北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院，北京 100191,北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院，北京 100191,北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院，北京 100191

发布日期:2021-08-15
作者简介:张大义(1979—)，男，博士，副教授，研究领域为航空发动机结构强度振动。

Investigation on Dynamical Modeling and Vibration Characteristics for Aero Engine

School of Energy and Power Engineering，Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，Beijing 100191，China,School of Energy and Power Engineering，Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，Beijing 100191，China,School of Energy and Power Engineering，Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，Beijing 100191，China and School of Energy and Power Engineering，Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics，Beijing 100191，China

Published:2021-08-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对航空发动机的转子/整机动力学问题，使用两自由度动力学模型对转、静子的振动耦合机理进行了解释，指出传统转子动力学模型将导致最大67%的计算误差，因此需要采用整机动力学模型对发动机的振动特性进行求解。进一步明确了整机动力学有限元模型的简化原则和模型功用，针对转、静子的典型结构论述了详细的建模方法。采用整机三维模型对双转子涡扇发动机的固有振动特性进行了计算和评估，结果表明，慢车至最大转速区间内只存在一阶高压转子平动振型，转子系统总应变能不超过20%，共振裕度大于20%，满足航空发动机的转子动力学设计要求。

关键词: 转子动力学；整机振动；有限元；临界转速

Abstract: The two-degree dynamic model was employed to reveal the vibration coupling mechanism between the rotor system and the stator system according to the rotor dynamics and whole engine dynamics investigation requirements. It is pointed that the calculation error of the traditional rotor dynamical modeling might reach 67% for the worst，so the whole engine modeling is necessary to be used to solve the dynamic characteristics of the aero engines. Further the reductionism principle and the function of the engine model were discussed，and the detailed modeling methods for the typical parts of the rotor and stator were given. The natural vibration characteristics were obtained and evaluated in a certain turbo fan engine with two spools by three dimensional engine model. The results exhibit that there exists only one high pressure rotor’s translational mode between the idling speed and maximum speed ，the strain energy for the rotor system occupied no more than 20%，and the resonance margin was larger than 20%，which satisfied the rotor dynamic design requirement in the aero engines.

Key words: Rotor dynamics；Vibration of the whole engine；Finite element method；Critical speed

张大义,刘烨辉,洪　杰,马艳红. 航空发动机整机动力学模型建立与振动特性分析[J]. 推进技术, 2015, 36(5): 768-773.

ZHANG Da-yi,LIU Ye-hui,HONG Jie,MA Yan-hong. Investigation on Dynamical Modeling and Vibration Characteristics for Aero Engine[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2015, 36(5): 768-773.

参考文献

[1] Oscar De Santiago, Edward Abraham. Rotor Dynamic Analysis of a Power Turbine Including Support Flexibility Effects[R]. ASME 2008-GT-50900.
[2] 洪杰, 王华, 肖大为, 等. 转子支承动刚度对转子动力特性的影响分析[J]. 航空发动机, 2008, 34(1): 23-27.
[3] 朱梓根. 航空涡轴、涡桨发动机转子系统结构设计准则[M]. 北京: 中国航空工业出版社, 2000.
[4] 付才高. 航空发动机设计手册航空发动机设计手册19册, 转子动力学及整机振动[M]. 北京: 中国航空工业出版社, 2000.
[5] 陈果. 航空发动机整机振动耦合动力学模型及其验证[J]. 航空动力学报, 2012, 27(2): 241-254.
[6] Philip Bonello, PhamMinhHai. A Receptance Harmonic Balance Technique for the Computation of the Vibration of a Whole Aero-Engine Model with Nonlinear Bearings[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2009, 324(1):221-242.
[7] Moreno Barragan J. Multiple Boundary Conditions for Analysis and Validation of the FE Models of Critical Structural Aero Engine Components[C]. Portugal: International Conference on Structural Dynamics Modelling, test, Analysis, Correlation and Validation, 2002.
[8] Jose Vicente Garcia. Development of Valid Models for Structural Dynamic Analysis [D]. London: Imperial College London, 2008.
[9] Garcia J V, Ewins D J. Test Strategy for Aero-Engine Structural Dynamic Model Validation[R]. ISMA 2175-2190, 2006.
[10] Rza?dkowski, Romuald, Marcin Drewczynski.Multistage Coupling of Eight Bladed Discs on a Solid Shaft[R]. ASME 2010-GT-22803.
[11] 张小龙, 何洪庆. 涡轮泵转子的临界转速研究(Ⅴ)临界转速的有限元法[J]. 推进技术, 2000, 21(3):40-42.(ZHANG Xiao-long, HE Hong-qing. Critical Rotational Speed of Turopump Rotors(V) Finite Element Method for Critical Rotation Speed Calculation[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2000, 21(3):40-42.)
[12] 陈萌, 马艳红, 刘书国, 等. 航空发动机整机有限元模型转子动力学分析[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2007, 33(9): 1013-1016.
[13] 王超, 王延荣, 徐星仲, 等. 应用三维有限元法计算汽轮机转子临界转速和模化长叶片[J]. 动力工程, 2007, 27(6): 840-845.
[14] Wu Fayong, Liang Zhicao, Ma Yanhong, et al. Bending Stiffness and Dynamic Characteristics of a Rotor with Spline Joints[R]. IMECE 2013-62657.
[15] 李俊慧, 马艳红, 洪杰. 转子系统套齿结构动力学设计方法研究[J]. 航空发动机, 2009, 35(4):35-39.
[16] Liu Shuguo, Ma Yanhong, Zhang Dayi, et al. Studies on Dynamic Characteristics of the Joint in the Aero-Engine Rotor System[J]. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 2012, 29:120-136.
[17] 高金海, 洪杰. 航空发动机整机动力特性建模技术研究[J]. 战术导弹技术, 2006, (3):29-35.
[18] 陈果. 双转子航空发动机整机振动建模与分析[J]. 振动工程学报, 2011, 24(6):619-632.(编辑:张荣莉)　　　　　　　　　　　　　*　收稿日期:2014-03-24；修订日期:2014-05-13。作者简介:张大义(1979—),男,博士,副教授,研究领域为航空发动机结构强度振动。E-mail:dayi@buaa.edu.cn