旋流喷射器流动与燃烧特性研究

推进技术 ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (7): 1341-1349.

旋流喷射器流动与燃烧特性研究

邓洋波,于丰瑞,姜曦,宋德彦

大连海事大学轮机工程学院，辽宁大连 116026,大连海事大学轮机工程学院，辽宁大连 116026,大连海事大学轮机工程学院，辽宁大连 116026,大连海事大学轮机工程学院，辽宁大连 116026

发布日期:2021-08-15
作者简介:邓洋波，男，博士，教授，研究领域为高效清洁燃烧技术。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金委员会-神华集团有限公司煤炭联合基金(U1361111)。

Study of Flow and Combustion Characteristics of Swirl Injector

Marine Engineering College，Dalian Maritime University，Dalian 116026，China,Marine Engineering College，Dalian Maritime University，Dalian 116026，China,Marine Engineering College，Dalian Maritime University，Dalian 116026，China and Marine Engineering College，Dalian Maritime University，Dalian 116026，China

Published:2021-08-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了给低旋流喷射器(LSI)推广应用提供理论依据，自行设计具有两种旋流叶片角LSI。应用数值模拟方法确定不同LSI旋流数，旋流数范围为0.417～0.881。利用粒子成像测速(PIV)测试系统，对流通气流LSI在方形通道内展向平面和铅垂截面二维速度分布进行测试。对开放空间内低旋流喷嘴，流通甲烷气体和空气预混合燃烧特性进行实验研究。研究结果表明:当叶片角θ=37°，旋流数S≤0.576时，旋流诱导中心区域和周围空气旋转，形成具有中心区域和周围空气低速区域、中心低速区域分布特点的扩散流动。当叶片角θ=37°，甲烷和空气当量比φ=0.7，S≤0.576时，流通LSI气流产生与展向截面流场分布相似的中部凸起呈“W”型脱体蓝色火焰。随着旋流数S增加，在0.576≤S≤0.588范围内，火焰与喷口间的距离缩短，火焰转变为“扫帚”型火焰。当S=0.623时，形成高旋流贴体火焰。增大旋流叶片角，流场的扩张角增加，环形旋流区和中心直流区轴向速度沿中心轴衰减更快。

关键词: 旋流喷嘴；PIV测试；旋流数；预混合燃烧；燃烧室

Abstract: In order to provide theoretical basis for the application of low swirl injector (LSI)，a low swirl injector which had two kinds of swirl vane angle(θ) was designed. Numerical simulation method was used to determine the swirl number of different LSI，and the range of swirl number S was 0.417～0.881. Using PIV(Particle image velocimetry)system，the distribution of the two-dimension velocity vector on a span wise section and a vertical section in a rectangle channel，which formed by the flow through the LSI，were tested. An experimental study was carried out，about the combustion characteristics of the premixed methane and air flow through the low swirl injector in an open space. The results show that swirl flow induced the central flow and surrounding air to rotate，and formed a divergent flow and the distribution characteristics of a central low velocity region，a surrounding low velocity region，and an annular high velocity region，as θ=37° and S≤0.576. The flow through the LSI generated a‘W’shaped blue flame which there is a peak in central region，and was similar to the velocity vector distribution，as θ=37°，methane and air equivalent ratio φ=0.7 and S≤0.576. As 0.576≤S≤0.588，with the swirl number increasing，the bottom edge of the flame gradually approached the nozzle of the LSI，the W-shaped flame gradually turns into the‘broom’shaped，and eventually transforms into high swirl flow，as S=0.623. With the vane angle increasing，the divergent angle of the divergent flow increased，the axial velocity of flow in the annular swirl flow region and the central straight flow axial velocity decayed faster along the axis line.

Key words: Swirl injector；PIV；Swirl number；Premixed combustion；Combustor

邓洋波,于丰瑞,姜曦,宋德彦. 旋流喷射器流动与燃烧特性研究[J]. 推进技术, 2016, 37(7): 1341-1349.

DENG Yang-bo,YU Feng-rui,JIANG Xi,SONG De-yan. Study of Flow and Combustion Characteristics of Swirl Injector[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2016, 37(7): 1341-1349.

参考文献

[1] 唐军, 宋文艳, 肖隐利, 等. 双旋流燃烧室主燃区流动特性PIV测量和分析[J]. 推进技术, 2014, 35(12): 1679-1686. (TANG Jun, SONG Wen-yan, XIAO Yin-li, et al. PIV Measurement and Analysis of Flow Characteristic in Primary Zone with Dual-Swirl Combustor[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology,2014, 35(12): 1679-1686.)
[2] 王国辉, 蔡体敏, 何国强, 等. 一种旋流式喷嘴的实验和数值研究[J]. 推进技术, 2003, 24(1): 28-32. (WANG Guo-hui, CAI Ti-min, HE Guo-qiang, et al. Experimental and Numerical Investigation of a Swirl Atomizer[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2003, 24(1): 28-32.)
[3] Cheng R K, Littlejohn D, Strakey P A, et al. Laboratory Investigations of a Low-Swirl Injector with H2 and CH4 at Gas Turbine Conditions[J]. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 2009, 32(2): 3001-3009.
[4] Cheng R K, Littlejohn D, Nazeer W A, et al. Laboratory Studies of the Flow Field Characteristics of Low-Swirl Injectors for Adaptation to Fuel-Flexible Turbines[J]. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,2008, 130(2): 1-10.
[5] 邓洋波, 刘阳, 朱公志. 低旋流燃烧和流动特性数值模拟研究[J]. 大连海事大学学报, 2009, 35(04):99-102.
[6] Chan C K, Lau K S, Chin W K, et al. Freely Propagating Open Premixed Turbulent Flames Stabilized by Swirl[C]. Sydney: Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Combustion, 1992.
[7] Ballachey G E, Johnson M R. Prediction of Blowoff in a Fully Controllable Low-Swirl Burner Burning Alternative Fuels: Effects of Burner Geometry, Swirl, and Fuel Composition[J]. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 2013, 34(2): 3193-3201.
[8] Legrand M, Nogueira J, Lecuona A, et al. Atmospheric Low Swirl Burner Flow Characterization with Stereo PIV[J]. Experiments in Fluids, 2010, 48(5): 901-913.
[9] Cheng R K, Littlejohn D. Effects of Combustor Geometry on the Flowfields and Flame Properties of a Low-swirl Injector[C]. Berlin: Proceedings of ASME Turbo Expo 2008: Power for Land, Sea and Air Germany, 2008.
[10] Cheng R K, Yegian D T, Miyasato M M, et al. Scaling and Development of Low-Swirl Burners for Low-Emission Furnaces and Boilers[C]. Edinburgh: 28th International Symposium on Combustion, 2000.
[11] 葛冰, 田寅申, 柳伟杰, 等. 燃气轮机合成气双旋流非预混燃烧室的设计及实验测试[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2014, 35(11):2317-2321.
[12] 李博书, 李仁府, 马柳昊, 等. 一种开缝旋流燃烧器的冷热态实验研究[C]. 西安:中国工程热物理学会燃烧分会, 2014.
[13] 尹航, 钟仕立, 戴韧, 等. 合成气低旋流燃烧器设计与流动结构的分析[J]. 动力工程学报, 2011, 31(2): 131-136.
[14] 尹航, 戴韧, 邹玉耐, 等. 贫预混低旋流燃烧器吹脱极限和流场的测量[J]. 燃气轮机技术, 2012, 25(2): 26-31.
[15] 尹航, 戴韧, 张建辉, 等. 旋流器安装角对低旋流燃烧流场的影响[J]. 动力工程学报, 2011, 31(9):664-671.
[16] 柳伟杰, 葛冰, 田寅申, 等. 当量比对甲烷预混低旋流燃烧的影响[J]. 燃烧科学与技术, 2014, 20(1): 65-69.
[17] 徐震. IGCC低旋流燃烧器冷态流场的实验与数值研究[D]. 大连:大连海事大学, 2015.
[18] 姜曦. 低旋流喷射器旋流特性实验研究[D]. 大连:大连海事大学, 2015.
[19] Yang S C, Chen L C. Swirl Generator with Axial Vanes[P]. US: 5186607, 1993-02-16.
[20] Johnsona M R, Littlejohna D, Nazeerb W A, et al. A Comparison of the Flowfields and Emissions of High-Swirl Injectors and Low-Swirl Injectors for Lean Premixed Gas Turbines[J]. Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, 2005, 30(2): 867-2874. (编辑:张荣莉)　　　　　　　　　　　　　*　收稿日期:2015-07-16；修订日期:2015-09-18。基金项目:国家自然科学基金委员会-神华集团有限公司煤炭联合基金(U1361111)。作者简介:邓洋波,男,博士,教授,研究领域为高效清洁燃烧技术。 E-mail: dengyb@dlmu.edu.cn