基于试验方法研究普通舵空化特性

推进技术 ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (9): 2127-2135.

基于试验方法研究普通舵空化特性

于安斌¹,王友乾²,叶金铭¹,张凯¹

海军工程大学舰船与海洋学院，湖北武汉 430033,海军上海地区装备修理监修室，上海 200000,海军工程大学舰船与海洋学院，湖北武汉 430033,海军工程大学舰船与海洋学院，湖北武汉 430033

发布日期:2021-08-15
作者简介:于安斌，男，硕士生，研究领域为舰船流体力学。E-mail: anbinyu2017@163.com 通讯作者:王友乾，男，硕士，助理工程师，研究领域为舰船流体力学。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51579243)。

Experimental Study on Performance of Ordinary Rudder Cavitation

Department of Naval Architecture Engineering，Naval University of Engineering，Wuhan 430033，China,Naval Shanghai Area Equipment Repair Room，Shanghai 200000，China,Department of Naval Architecture Engineering，Naval University of Engineering，Wuhan 430033，China and Department of Naval Architecture Engineering，Naval University of Engineering，Wuhan 430033，China

Published:2021-08-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探索普通舵在舰船中高航速范围内空化的变化规律，针对舰船普通舵空化问题进行了桨后舵模型的水洞空泡试验，通过分析一系列不同工况下普通舵的空化现象，研究了不同航速、舵角下普通舵空化的变化规律。试验结果表明:普通舵在0.2～0.6倍舵展长区域内最容易发生空化，与实船舵空化剥蚀区域基本吻合；在23kn航速工况下，普通舵发生空泡的起始空泡舵角为0°；另外，结合普通舵发生空化的起始舵角规律以及舰船直航时打舵角范围，可以分析出舰船在21.5kn航速航行时，普通舵不可避免会空化发生。通过普通舵模型空泡试验方法观察了不同航速、舵角下的舵空泡状况，得出了普通舵空化位置、面积与舰船航速、舵角的一般规律，为普通舵的优化设计和解决舵的空化问题提供了重要参考。

关键词: 普通舵；舵的空化剥蚀；水洞试验；舵空化

Abstract: In order to investigate the cavitation characteristics of the ordinary rudder in the high speed range of the ship， the cavitation test of the rudder model was carried out. By analyzing the cavitation phenomena of ordinary rudder in a series of different working conditions， the variation rule of ordinary rudder cavitation under different speed and rudder angle was studied. Results indicate that the general rudder is most likely to cavitate in the area of 0.2～0.6 times rudder height ， which is consistent with the cavitation erosion area of real rudder. At the speed of 23kn， the initial cavitation angle of the ordinary rudder is zero rudder angle. In addition， the combination of the change rule of ordinary rudder cavitation and the range of rudder angle during direct sailing can be analyzed that when the ship is sailing at 21.5kn， the ordinary rudder will inevitably cavitate. The cavitation conditions under different speed and rudder angle were observed through the cavitation experiment of ordinary rudder model. The relationship between the position of ordinary rudder cavitation， area， speed and rudder angle is obtained， which provides reference for solving the problem of ordinary rudder cavitation and optimum design of ordinary rudder.

Key words: Ordinary rudder；Cavitation erosion of rudder；Water tunnel test；Rudder cavitation

于安斌,王友乾,叶金铭,张凯. 基于试验方法研究普通舵空化特性[J]. 推进技术, 2018, 39(9): 2127-2135.

YU An-bin¹,WANG You-qian²,YE Jin-ming¹,ZHANG Kai¹. Experimental Study on Performance of Ordinary Rudder Cavitation[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2018, 39(9): 2127-2135.

参考文献

[1] Bin Ji, Xianwu Luo, Xiaoxing Peng, et al. Numerical Analysis of Cavitation Evolution and Excited Pressure Fluctuation Around a Propeller in Non-Uniform Wake[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2012, 43(43): 13-21.
[2] 苏玉民, 池畑光尚, 甲斐寿. 船舶螺旋桨尾流场的数值分析[J]. 海洋工程, 2002, (3): 44-48.
[3] 闫焱, 卢晓翔. 散货船操舵试验舵计算及参数分析[J]. 船舶标准化工程师, 2015, 48(1): 4-7.
[4] Woolliscroft M O, Maki K J. A Fast-Running CFD Formulation for Unsteady Ship Maneuvering Performance Prediction[J]. Ocean Engineering, 2016, 117,154-162.
[5] 王双成, 成弘璐. 水的饱和和蒸汽压的计算[J]. 河南化工, 1999, (11): 29-30.
[6] WU JianHua, SU KunPeng, WANG Yu, et al. Effect of Air Bubble Size on Cavitation Erosion Reduction[J]. Science China(Technological Sciences), 2017, 60(4): 523-528.
[7] 王超. 螺旋桨水动力性能、空泡及噪声性能的数值预报研究[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工程大学, 2010.
[8] 管悦然. 减少舵的空泡现象的探讨[J]. 中外船舶科技, 2007, (3): 6-10.
[9] 金哲学. 空泡现象和气蚀机理研究现状[J]. 力学与实践, 1981, (1): 19-24.
[10] 付建, 王永生, 丁科, 等. 螺旋桨激振力作用下船体振动及水下辐射噪声研究[J]. 船舶力学, 2015, 19(4): 470-476.
[11] 王友乾, 叶金铭. 舵空泡对船体压力脉动的数值分析[J]. 中国舰船研究, 2017, (6).
[12] Molland A F, Turnock S R. Wind Tunnel Tests on the Influence of Propeller Loading on Ship Rudder Performance: Four Quadrant Operation, Low and Zero Speed Operation[J]. University of Southampton, 1993, (1).
[13] 苏联可雷洛夫科学研究总院编,船舶科学研究所译. 在螺旋桨尾流中工作的舵, 船舶的流体动力特图册(第四册)[M]. 上海:船舶科学研究所, 1953.
[14] 陆惠生, 朱文蔚, 费乃振. 船舵水动力特性的试验研究[J]. 中国造船, 1985, (4): 31-35.
[15] 曹彦涛. 实船舵空化现象试验观察[C]. 北京:纪念《船舶力学》创刊二十周年学术会议, 2017.
[16] 盛立, 熊鹰. 混合式CRP吊舱推进器水动力性能数值模拟及试验[J]. 南京航空航天大学学报, 2012, (2): 184-190.
[17] Perez T. Ship Motion Control Course Keeping and Roll Stabilisation Using Rudder and Fins[M]. Berlin: Spring Publishing Company, 2010.
[18] 裴譞, 王育才, 张宇文, 等. 超空泡航行器舵效的水洞试验研究[J]. 西南交通大报, 2011, (6): 1008-1012-1018.
[19] 冯源, 陶然, 卓智海. 加速旋转螺旋桨噪声测试水洞试验研究[J]. 兵工学报, 2010, (12):1611-1616.
[20] 许伟平, 梅卫胜. 某舰飞行甲板区域流场特性的水洞试验[J]. 南京航空航天大学学报, 1997, (6): 85-90.
[21] Kim J H, Choi J E, Choi B J, et al. Twisted Rudder for Reducing Fuel-Oil Consumption[J]. International Journal of Naval Architecture & Ocean Engineering, 2014, 6(3): 715-722.　　　　　　　　　　　　　*　收稿日期:2017-11-02；修订日期:2018-02-12。基金项目:国家自然科学基金(51579243)。作者简介:于安斌,男,硕士生,研究领域为舰船流体力学。E-mail: anbinyu2017@163.com通讯作者:王友乾,男,硕士,助理工程师,研究领域为舰船流体力学。E-mail: 275451710@qq.com (编辑:史亚红)