Abstract: γ-ray radiation synthesis method was successfully used to prepare the nano nickel powders. The thermal decomposition characteristics of NH4ClO4 (AP) influenced by nano nickel powders was investigated by TG-DTG,DSC experiment under linear temperature increasing condition and isothermal TG experiment. The results show that nano nickel powders had greater influence on the decomposition characteristic of AP than superfine-nickel powders. Nano nickel powders increase the decomposition rate of low temperature stage decomposition of AP and decrease the peak temperature of high temperature stage decomposition of AP. The thermal degradation kinetics of AP and mixture of AP/n-Ni was studied by using TG analysis at heating rate of 5,10,20,30℃ per minute. The results show that nano nickel powders decrease the apparent action energy of the thermal decomposition of AP. The action mechanism of nano nickel powders affecting the thermal decomposition process of AP was described as bridge site effect and deinhibition effect.

Key words: Nano nickel powder;γ-ray radiation synthesis;NH₄ClO₄;Thermal decomposition;Combustion catalyst

摘要： 分别用线性升温条件下的热失重、差示扫描量热实验以及恒温热失重实验等方法,研究了γ射线辐射法制备的纳米镍粉对高氯酸铵热分解性能的影响。结果显示,对于高氯酸铵的热分解,纳米镍粉有较超细镍粉更强的促进作用;纳米镍粉提高了高氯酸铵的低温分解速率,降低了高温分解峰温。基于4个不同升温速率下的热失重实验数据,计算了高氯酸铵以及高氯酸铵与纳米镍粉的混合物热分解的表观活化能,结果显示纳米镍粉降低了高氯酸铵热分解的表观活化能。提出了纳米镍粉促进高氯酸铵热分解的催化作用以及去抑制作用。

关键词: 纳米镍粉;γ射线辐射法;高氯酸铵;热分解;燃烧催化剂