Abstract: To investigate the combustion catalytic effects of eco-friendly nonlead green combustion catalyzers, the effects of five kinds of bismuth compounds on combustion properties of double base (DB) or composite modifiered double base (CMDB) propellant were comparatively studied. The results show that aromatic bismuth compounds possess good catalytic effect on combustion of double-base propellant.S-Gal-Bi is among the best in respect of catalytic efficiency for the double-base propellants. β-Bi can effectively reduce the pressure exponent for the double-base propellant. When adding a small amount of carbon black (CB) to the double-base propellants containing bismuth compounds, the catalytic efficiency of every catalyst can be increased significantly. The mixture β-Bi and CB can not only significantly improve the catalytic efficiency at low pressure,but also reduce the pressure exponent at high pressure range. β-Bi/β-Cu/CB composite can not only improve the burning rate of double-base propellant at low pressure range, but also appear the platform burning effect at the high pressure range.Adding S-Gal-Bi/CB can increase burning rate and reduce pressure index of the RDX-CMDB propellant significantly,and when a little copper salt is added, the propellant burning rate becomes higher. 

Key words: Physical chemistry; Bismuth compounds; Combustion catalyst; Double-base system propellant

摘要： 为研究环境友好型非铅类绿色燃烧催化剂的燃烧催化效果,对比5种不同铋化合物对双基系推进剂燃烧性能的影响。结果表明,芳香族的铋化物对双基推进剂有良好的催化作用,S-Gal-Bi对双基推进剂的燃烧催化效率最好,β-Bi可有效降低双基推进剂的压强指数。当含铋化合物双基推进剂中加入少量炭黑(CB)后,各催化剂的燃烧催化效率明显增强。β-Bi和CB复合,既能显著提高低压下的燃烧催化效率,又能降低高压下的压强指数。β-Bi/β-Cu/CB的复合不仅能提高双基推进剂低压下的燃速,而且也能使推进剂在高压区出现平台燃烧效应。S-Gal-Bi/CB的加入大大提高了RDX-CMDB推进剂的燃速,并显著降低了推进剂的压强指数,与少量的铜盐复合后推进剂燃速提高更多。

关键词: 物理化学;铋化合物;燃烧催化剂;双基系推进剂