Abstract: It is discovered during the experiments of latching solenoids that the solenoid forces change non-monotonically along with the voltages. In order to explain this phenomenon，the solenoid forces are simulated based on ANSYS，and are analysed theoretically. The results of the simulation and the analysis show the same tendency as the experiments. It is concluded that the saturation of the magnetic material is the primary factor，which makes the solenoid force stop increasing. And the variation of the working point of the permanent magnet is the secondary factor，which leads to the solenoid force decreasing.

Key words: Latching solenoid；Solenoid force；Non-monotonic；Magnetic material saturation；Permanent magnet working point；ANSYS

摘要： 为了解释自锁电磁铁进行吸力试验时出现的电磁吸力随电压非单调变化的现象，利用ANSYS软件进行仿真计算，并开展理论分析。仿真和分析得到了与试验相同的电磁吸力变化趋势。根据仿真和分析的结果确定:主要因素为导磁材料饱和，导致电磁吸力停止增大；次要因素为磁钢工作点变化，导致电磁吸力出现下降趋势。

关键词: 自锁电磁铁；电磁吸力；非单调；导磁材料饱和；磁钢工作点；ANSYS