高负荷低反动度吸附式风扇气动设计与性能分析

推进技术 ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (3): 547-555.

高负荷低反动度吸附式风扇气动设计与性能分析

孙士珺¹,王松涛¹,陈绍文¹,胡应交²,张龙新¹

哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院，黑龙江哈尔滨 150001,哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院，黑龙江哈尔滨 150001,哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院，黑龙江哈尔滨 150001,上海中航商用航空发动机制造有限责任公司，上海 201108,哈尔滨工业大学能源科学与工程学院，黑龙江哈尔滨 150001

发布日期:2021-08-15
作者简介:孙士珺，男，博士生，研究领域为高负荷压气机设计。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51206035；51436002)；国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目(51121004)。

Aerodynamic Design and Analysis of a High-Load Low-Reaction Aspirated Fan

Energy Science and Engineering School，Harbin Institute of Technology，Harbin 150001,Energy Science and Engineering School，Harbin Institute of Technology，Harbin 150001,Energy Science and Engineering School，Harbin Institute of Technology，Harbin 150001,Shanghai AVIC Commercial Aircraft Engine Manufacturing Company Limited，Shanghai 201108 and Energy Science and Engineering School，Harbin Institute of Technology，Harbin 150001

Published:2021-08-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探索研究风扇负荷极限，采用基于增加进口正预旋和动叶轴向速度提升的两种低反动度设计方法，对叶尖切线速度为370m/s的风扇级进行了气动设计研究。通过三维数值计算，结果表明，在设计点，风扇级实现了2.39的单级压比，通流效率达90.84%，且抽吸流量仅为进口的5.5%，达到了设计目标。进一步的流场分析表明，静叶根部较高的损失系数一方面与较强的激波有关，另一方面与端壁过大的抽吸流量导致的堵塞有关。改型设计应从降低根部入口激波强度或降低抽吸流量，即增加抽吸背压或缩小抽吸面积入手。

关键词: 高负荷风扇级；低反动度；附面层抽吸；气动性能

Abstract: In order to explore the limit of the loading，two low reaction design methodologies based on an increase on inlet pre-swirl flow angle and exit axial velocity of the rotor were both exploited to achieve an aerodynamic design of a fan stage with a tip speed of 370m/s. The 3D numerical simulation results show that at design point，the fan stage enables a single stage pressure ratio of 2.39 at a through-flow efficiency of 90.84% with a bleed mass fraction of 5.5%，which meets its design objective. Further flow field analysis shows that the higher loss coefficient of the stator blade near the hub is related to the stronger shock and the blockage incurred by too large bleed flow at the hub. The redesign should consider reducing the strength of the inlet shock or decreasing the suction flow，that is，to increase the back pressure at suction slot outlet or to reduce the suction area.

Key words: High-load fan stage；Low-reaction；Aspiration；Aerodynamic performance

孙士珺,王松涛,陈绍文,胡应交,张龙新. 高负荷低反动度吸附式风扇气动设计与性能分析[J]. 推进技术, 2018, 39(3): 547-555.

SUN Shi-jun¹,WANG Song-tao¹,CHEN Shao-wen¹,HU Ying-jiaO²,ZHANG Long-xin¹. Aerodynamic Design and Analysis of a High-Load Low-Reaction Aspirated Fan[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2018, 39(3): 547-555.

参考文献

[1] Denton J D, Xu L. The Effects of Lean and Sweep on Transonic Fan Performance[R]. ASME 2002-GT-30327.
[2] 王松涛, 潜纪儒, 冯国泰, 等. 壁面吸气抑制分离减少流动损失的研究[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2006, (1): 48-50.
[3] Kerrebrock J L, Reijnen D P, Ziminsky W S, et al. Aspirated Compressors[R]. ASME 97-GT-525.
[4] Kerrebrock J L, Drela M, Merchant A A, et al. A Family of Designs for Aspirated Compressors[R]. ASME 98-GT-196.
[5] Schuler B J, Kerrebrock J L, Merchant A A, et al. Design, Analysis, Fabrication and Test of an Aspirated Fan Stage[R]. ASME 2000-GT-618.
[6] Merchant A A, Drela M, Kerrebrock J L, et al. Aerodynamic Design and Analysis of a High Pressure Ratio Aspirated Compressor Stage[R]. ASME 2000-GT-619.
[7] Merchant A. Aerodynamic Design and Performance of Aspirated Airfoils[J]. Journal of Turbomachinery, 2003, 125(1): 141-148.
[8] Kerrebrock J L, Epstein A H, Merchant A A, et al. Design and Test of an Aspirated Counter-Rotating Fan[J]. Journal of Turbomachinery, 2008, 130(4).
[9] 张华良, 王松涛, 王仲奇. 采用壁面吸气改善叶栅性能的数值模拟[J]. 动力工程, 2006, (6): 795-798.
[10] 张华良, 谭春青, 张新敬, 等. 采用附面层抽吸(BLS)控制流动分离的数值模拟[J]. 推进技术, 2009, 30(2): 192-196. (ZHANG Hua-liang, TAN Chun-qing, ZHANG Xin-jing, et al. Numerical Investigation on Application of Boundary Layer Suction to Control the Flow Separations[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2009, 30(2): 192-196.)
[11] 邓昌清, 胡骏. 大转角压气机静子叶栅附面层吹吸数值研究[J]. 燃气涡轮试验与研究, 2007, (1): 17-20.
[12] 陈绍文, 郭爽, 宋宇飞, 等. 附面层抽吸对高负荷压气机叶栅流场的影响[J]. 推进技术, 2009, 30(5):588-593. (CHEN Shao-wen, GUO Shuang, SONG Yu-fei, et al. Effects of Boundary Layer Suction on the Flow Fields of Highly Loaded Compressor Cascades[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2009, 30(5): 588-593.)
[13] 陈绍文, 郭爽, 宋宇飞, 等. 局部附面层抽吸对高负荷扩压叶栅流动特性影响[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2010, (3): 407-410.
[14] 兰发祥. 吸附式压气机设计技术研究[D]. 南京:南京航空航天大学, 2008.
[15] 羌晓青. 低反动度附面层抽吸式压气机流动控制及设计方法研究[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学, 2009.
[16] 胡应交. 高负荷吸附式低反动度轴流压气机气动设计原理及其应用[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学, 2014.
[17] Merchant A, Kerrebrock J L, Adamczyk J J, et al. Experimental Investigation of a High Pressure Ratio Aspirated Fan Stage[J]. Journal of Turbomachinery, 2005, 127(1): 43-51.
[18] 王仲奇, 秦仁. 透平机械原理[M]. 哈尔滨:机械工业出版社, 1988.
[19] 王松涛, 胡应交, 王仲奇. 吸附式低反动度轴流压气机气动设计原理[J]. 航空动力学报. 2014, (2): 350-362.
[20] 钟兢军, 王苇, 苏杰先, 等. 稠度对弯叶片压气机叶栅特性的影响[J]. 航空动力学报, 1997, 12(2).
[21] 陈浮, 宋彦萍, 赵桂杰, 等. 附面层吸除对压气机叶栅稠度特性影响[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2005, (2): 211-215.
[22] 王掩刚, 牛楠, 赵龙波, 等. 端壁抽吸位置对压气机角区分离控制的影响[J]. 推进技术, 2010, 31(4):433-437. (WANG Yan-gang, NIU Nan, ZHAO Long-bo, et al. Effect on Corner Separation Control for High Load Compressor Cascade with Different End-Wall BLS Position[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2010, 31(4): 433-437.)
[23] Knapke R D, Turner M G. Unsteady Simulations of a Counter-Rotating Aspirated Compressor[R]. ASME 2013-GT-95209.
[24] 王掩刚, 任思源, 牛楠, 等. 跨声速叶栅抽吸流、激波以及分离流相干效应[J]. 推进技术, 2011, 32(5):664-669. (WANG Yan-gang, REN Si-yuan, NIU Nan, et al. Investigation into Effects of Interaction among Suction Flow, Shock Wave and Separation Flow for a Transonic Compressor Cascade[J]. Journal of Propulsion Technology, 2011, 32(5): 664-669.)
[25] 韩少冰. 叶尖小翼控制压气机叶顶间隙流动的研究[D]. 大连:大连海事大学, 2013.(编辑:朱立影)　　　　　　　　　　　　　*　收稿日期:2017-05-04；修订日期:2017-06-06。基金项目:国家自然科学基金(51206035；51436002)；国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目(51121004)。作者简介:孙士珺,男,博士生,研究领域为高负荷压气机设计。E-mail: sunshijun2011@gmail.com