Abstract: In order to meet the rapid starting requirements of high-powered marine diesel engines， an experimental study on the starting process of a marine diesel engine was conducted， and the effects of different factors on the starting were summarized. The results show that： at the initial stage of diesel engine starting， the motor exiting time should not be earlier than the establishing time of common-rail pressure. The injection parameters had the greatest impact on the starting performance， accounting for more than 48%， and the starting performance can be greatly improved by optimizing injection parameters. For high-power marine diesel engines， starting with low rail pressure and small injection quantity， then quickly switching to the high rail pressure and injection strategy， can make the diesel engine rapidly inject fuel and release a huge of heat， which is conductive to shortening the starting time.

Key words: Marine diesel engine;Rapid starting;Influential rules;Starting time;Starting strategy

摘要： 为了满足大功率船用柴油机的快速起动需求，针对船用柴油机的起动过程进行试验研究，总结了不同因素对船用柴油机起动性能的影响规律。试验结果表明：柴油机在起动初期，起动机退出时间应不早于共轨建压时间；喷油参数对起动性能的影响最大，占比超过48%，通过优化喷油参数可以大幅改善起动性能。对于大功率船用柴油机，采用低轨压、小油量起动，然后迅速切换至高轨压、大油量的喷油策略，可以使柴油机快速喷油并释放大量热量，有效缩短起动时间。

关键词: 船用柴油机;快速起动性;影响规律;起动时间;控制策略